Amy A. Huang, Christopher S. Cooper, Laura L. Fuller, Jude Shelton, Hanh T.D. Pham, Gina M. Lockwood, Douglas W. Storm, Angelen B. Edwards
Aug 8, 2025
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are 4.5x more likely to have incontinence than their peers. Previous studies on comorbid ADHD and bladder bowel dysfunction (BBD) only included children with ADHD taking stimulant medications.
Objective
Comparing response to BBD treatment between patients with ADHD taking and not taking ADHD medications.
Study Design
We reviewed urology patients 5-18 years of age seen between 1/1/2015 and 12/30/2022. Inclusion criteria included: BBD diagnosis, formal psychological diagnosis of ADHD and completion of our clinic ’s pediatric BBD questionnaire. BBD treatments included urotherapy behavioral modifications, bowel medications, and anticholinergic medications. An age-matched control cohort with BBD without ADHD served as a baseline reference of BBD. A linear mixed model compared BBD score trends between children with BBD with and without ADHD and between children taking and not taking ADHD medications.